Customs knowledge: The import of dairy products

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The import of dairy products

What are the main types of dairy products?

Dairy products mainly include colostrum, raw milk, and dairy products, such as pasteurized milk, sterilized milk, prepared milk, fermented milk, cheese and processed cheese, cream, anhydrous cream, condensed milk, milk powder, whey powder and whey protein powder, milk based infant formula and its production raw material base powder, casein, and other milk and dairy products (such as milk mineral salts and milk protein, etc.).

2. China's countries importing dairy products have added new members

On March 6, 2022, the General Administration of Customs issued Announcement No. 23 of 2022, allowing the import of Mongolian dairy products that meet the inspection and quarantine requirements in accordance with relevant laws and regulations of China and the Protocol between the General Administration of Customs of the People's Republic of China and the General Administration of Customs of Mongolia on the Inspection and Quarantine Requirements for Mongolian Dairy Products Exported to China.

Due to the requirements of food safety and quarantine, foreign dairy products need to go through multiple checks when they arrive in China. Only dairy products that fully meet the admission requirements, enterprise registration requirements, import and export merchant requirements, and quarantine license requirements can be exported to China.

What types of dairy products can Mongolia import to China?

Mongolian dairy products imported to China refer to milk and dairy products originating from Mongolia and processed with appropriately heat treated cow milk, goat milk, and sheep milk as the main raw materials, including sterilized milk, blended milk, fermented milk, cheese and processed cheese, cream, anhydrous cream, condensed milk, milk powder, whey powder and whey protein powder, colostrum powder, etc.

What are the requirements for production facilities?

Mongolian dairy production enterprises exporting to China shall comply with the relevant animal health and public health requirements of China and Mongolia, and shall obtain official approval or registration from Mongolia and obtain registration from China.

Mongolia's requirements for providing raw milk for dairy products exported to China:

（1） At least 1 month before collecting raw milk, there are no cases or suspected cases of foot-and-mouth disease in the farm.

（2） When collecting raw milk, no clinical symptoms of anthrax were found in the farm.

（3） The farm is free of bovine tuberculosis, paratuberculosis, rinderpest, Rift Valley Fever, small ruminant epidemic, smallpox and infectious bovine pleuropneumonia.

（4） The breeding farm is under the supervision of the Mongolian General Administration of Technical Supervision.

（5） The farm and its surrounding areas have not been subject to quarantine restrictions due to animal diseases in accordance with the OIE Code and Mongolian animal health regulations.

Note: OIE is now renamed WOAH.

3. Key points for standardized declaration of key commodities (dairy products section)

1、 Main product categories and declaration elements

（1） Concentrated, sweetened or other sweetened milk and cream

1. Product name

2. Method of production or preservation (concentrated and sweetened or other sweet substances)

3. Appearance (powdery, granular, etc.)

4. Fat content (by weight)

5. Component content

6. Packaging specifications (such as 25 kg/pack)

7. Brand (Chinese and foreign names)

（2） Whey

1. Product name

2. Preparation or preservation methods (concentrated, sweetened, and other sweet substances)

3. Component content

4. Brand (Chinese and foreign names)

（3） Blended milk powder

1. Product name

2. Component content

3. Purpose

4. Packaging specifications

5. Brand (Chinese and foreign names)

2、 Common declaration errors

1. Method of production or preservation (concentrated and sweetened or other sweet substances)

Definition of elements: Refers to the specific production or preservation methods of a product, which vary depending on the requirements of each tax purpose.

The phrase 'unconcentrated and unsweetened or other sweet substances' or' concentrated and unsweetened or other sweet substances' should be declared as a complete element. We should not only declare 'not concentrated without added sugar' or 'concentrated with added sugar', but also omit 'whether other sweet substances are added'.

2. Fat content&milk fat content

Element Definition:

Fat content: refers to the amount of fat in a product measured by weight.

Milk fat content: refers to the amount of milk fat in a product measured by weight.

In actual declaration, it must be calculated by weight. For example, it can be declared as "fat content of 3.6%" or "milk fat content of 10%", and "%" cannot be omitted.

3. Packaging specifications

Element Definition: Refers to the individual packaging method and specifications of a product.

For example, it can be filled in as: "1 liter/box", "25 kilograms/bag", etc. It should not be declared as "24 boxes/box", "12 bottles", etc. Some enterprises only declare "boxed", "bagged", etc., which is also an incorrect declaration method.

4. Brand

Element Definition: Refers to the brand logo added by the manufacturer or distributor to the product, which actually requires the declaration of Chinese and foreign brand names.

Brands need to declare Chinese and foreign language brands. For those with only a single Chinese (or foreign language) brand, they should truthfully declare the Chinese (or foreign language) brand, and indicate that there are no foreign language (or Chinese) brands. They should not simply declare as "none" or "no brand".

For example, it can be declared as "DEVONDALE" or "MUH at Gandhi Ranch". Common imported dairy products have brand names in both Chinese and foreign languages, and there is usually no situation where there are no Chinese or foreign language brands.

5. Component content

Definition of elements: Refers to the types of substances contained in a commodity and the percentage content of each substance type by weight, including the composition and content of the commodity.

In principle, all components should be reported and the total content should be 100%. Additionally, 'ingredient content' is different from 'nutritional composition' and should not be confused.

For example, it can be declared as "95.43% raw milk, 4.57% white sugar".

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